IVF in St. Petersburg
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is one of the most effective treatments for infertility.
The procedure includes ovarian puncture to obtain eggs, fertilisation of eggs with semen by IVF or ICSI. After fertilisation comes the stage of embryo culturing which lasts from 2 to 7 days, after which the embryos can be transferred into the uterine cavity or cryopreserved.
When should one see a fertility specialist? If pregnancy does not occur during 6-12 months of regular intimate life without the use of contraception, it is likely that medical help is needed. In this case, it is necessary to consult a fertility specialist and explore the options.
![IVF in Russia](/templates/yootheme/cache/33/017-33e72c37.jpeg)
![Pregnancy after IVF](/templates/yootheme/cache/57/IMG_8772-57590665.jpeg)
![Preparation for IVF](/templates/yootheme/cache/a9/005-a97c24cb.jpeg)
![IVF clinic in Russia](/templates/yootheme/cache/f9/VPTR0002_resize-f942376d.jpeg)
![IVF for single women in St. Petersburg](/templates/yootheme/cache/86/004-868ae736.jpeg)
![How many times one can do IVF?](/templates/yootheme/cache/b8/029-b84ec3ab.jpeg)
The efficiency of IVF is 35-65%. This means that most couples get pregnant in the first three attempts at embryo transfer. Unfortunately, there are situations when a longer treatment may be necessary.
The number of ovarian stimulations is not limited, according to Russian recommendations, a break of 1 month between the cycles is required. Frozen embryo transfer is not accompanied by hormonal changes, so in this case no breaks are necessary.
![Is IVF Painful?](/templates/yootheme/cache/e9/044-e9a89993.jpeg)
![вероятность ЭКО](/templates/yootheme/cache/77/016-77176204.jpeg)
Content
Possible risks
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Multiple pregnancy
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Ectopic pregnancy
Other complications associated with IVF include bleeding after puncture, pelvic inflammatory diseases, allergies to medications, termination of pregnancy, and others.
Indications for IVF
Infertility in Women
Infertility in a couple can be due to both female and male factors, and even a combination of both. In women, infertility can be caused by:
- Anovulation due to hormonal disorders, increased prolactin levels, stress, psycho-emotional overstrain or ovarian issues
- Egg quality and quantity decline (usually age-related)
- Fallopian tube disorders
- Pelvic adhesions
- Intrauterine pathology: polyps, adhesions, uterine myomas
- Congenital and acquired malformations of reproductive organs
- Endometriosis
Hormonal (endocrine) infertility
Tubal factor infertility
Uterine factor infertility
Endometriosis-associated infertility
Infertility in Men
In men, infertility may develop due to the following causes:
Varicocele
Hypogonadism
Cryptorchidism
Antisperm antibodies
Testicular tumours
General/systemic diseases
Erection/ejaculation disorder
Idiopathic infertility
Asthenozoospermia
Oligozoospermia
Azoospermia
Teratozoospermia.
Secretory infertility
Excretory infertility
Immunologic infertility
Idiopathic infertility
As in women, it is not always possible to determine the exact causes of male infertility. Nevertheless, this unpleasant fact does not negate the need for a comprehensive examination of both partners.
Examinations before IVF
![Examinations before IVF](/templates/yootheme/cache/24/IMG_8489-24084b3c.jpeg)
Contraindications
![Противопоказания для ЭКО](/templates/yootheme/cache/fc/029-fc28646e.jpeg)
IVF procedure
![steps of ivf](/templates/yootheme/cache/c3/005-c398ca34.jpeg)
First, the doctor selects an ovarian stimulation protocol for the woman. Then sex cells are obtained from both partners. At the next stage, the fertilisation of the egg is performed and the embryos are cultured. The last step of the IVF procedure may be embryo transfer and subsequent monitoring of the pregnancy or cryopreservation of the embryos. If necessary, additional procedures and steps may be applied.
Ovarian stimulation
The first group includes only one protocol - a natural cycle IVF. In this case, the follicle grows on without medication.
Hormonal ovarian stimulation is used in most IVF cycles to increase the treatment efficiency.
There are several varieties of hormonal stimulation protocols, and all protocols use three types of medications:
- To ensure follicle growth;
- To block premature ovulation;
- To trigger the ovulation.
Ovarian puncture and egg retrieval
Fertilisation
ICSI
Embryo culture
Preimplantation genetic testing (diagnosis) of embryos (PGT or PGD of embryos)
PGT-A
PGT-M
PGT-SR
There are medical indications for each type of PGT. The most commonly used method is embryo testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A). The indications for this test are:
The age of the woman is over 35 years
Sex-linked inherited diseases in patients
Previous unsuccessful IVF attempts
Severe spermatogenesis disorders
A history of habitual miscarriage
Desire to improve the efficiency of embryo transfer
The cells are taken from the trophectoderm (outer cell mass) from which the placenta will later form.
After the trophectoderm biopsy, the embryo is frozen (cryopreserved).
In our clinic, genetic testing is performed by NGS (next generation sequencing).
Embryo cryopreservation (vitrification)
![Криоконсервация (витрификация) эмбрионов](/templates/yootheme/cache/43/IMG_7896-432f85c8.jpeg)
In our clinic, the embryo thawing rate is 99.6%
Embryo transfer
On the day of transfer, the embryo is thawed and the embryologist assesses its viability. Then the embryo is transferred into the uterine cavity.
Pregnancy testing is performed in 10-14 days after embryo transfer.
A woman takes a blood test for chorionic hormone (hCG). If its level is higher than 50ME/ml, it means that pregnancy has occurred.
![Success rates ivf in delta](/templates/yootheme/cache/b8/026-b8a2fbd8.jpeg)